Nonallergic rhinitis is similar to allergic rhinitis but without known allergens. It’s called idiopathic nonallergic rhinitis (iNAR). It shows up with symptoms like a runny nose and stuffy nose. In the past, it was thought that things like changes in weather, cold air, and strong smells were causes. But recent studies show it might be more complex.
Things like a crooked nasal septum and swollen nasal tissues can add to nonallergic rhinitis. Localized nasal allergies, without a general allergy problem, might be another cause. Also, issues with some nerves and autonomic problems could be linked to this type of rhinitis.
Key Takeaways:
- Nonallergic rhinitis acts like allergic rhinitis but with no clear allergens.
- The idea that climate changes or strong smells cause it is now questioned.
- iNAR has different known reasons, including physical nose issues.
- Local nasal allergies and nerve problems could be involved in causing it.
- iNAR might be linked to chronic fatigue and similar health issues.
Causes and Risk Factors of Nonallergic Rhinitis
Nonallergic rhinitis shows symptoms like allergic rhinitis but has no clear allergen link. We’ll look into its causes and risks.
1. Viral Infections
The common cold or flu is a big reason for nonallergic rhinitis. Viruses cause a swelling in the nose, leading to symptoms like a running or blocked nose.
2. Irritants in the Environment
Being around irritants can lead to nonallergic rhinitis. These irritants include smoke, dust, perfumes, and even weather changes. When you breathe them in, they can irritate your nose and cause issues.
3. Hormonal Changes
Changes in hormones, like during pregnancy or periods, might cause nonallergic rhinitis. These changes can block the nose and cause other symptoms.
4. Medications
Some meds can make nonallergic rhinitis worse. This includes aspirin, ibuprofen, certain high blood pressure meds, decongestant sprays, and antidepressants. If a med seems like the cause, talk to your doctor.
Knowing what causes and leads to nonallergic rhinitis is key for finding the right help. By avoiding triggers and working with doctors, people with this condition can tackle their symptoms.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonallergic Rhinitis
Doctors diagnose nonallergic rhinitis by looking at the patient’s symptoms. They also check for any known allergens that might be causing the issues. They do this by talking to the patient about their health and by doing a physical exam. In some cases, they might do more tests such as looking into the nose with a special tool to get a better look.
To help with symptoms, doctors may suggest using gentle saline nasal sprays. These sprays can make the inside of the nose wet, making it easier to breathe. You can easily buy these at stores without a prescription.
If the problem is more serious, doctors might recommend other types of nasal sprays. For instance, antihistamine sprays can be helpful. They block histamine, which is part of what causes allergy symptoms. On the other hand, corticosteroid sprays help decrease swelling in the nose. This can lower congestion and make breathing better.
Some people find relief with vasoconstrictor nasal sprays for a short time. These sprays shrink the blood vessels inside the nose, reducing stuffiness fast. But, you should only use them for a few days. If used too much, they can actually make your nose more stuffed up.
Changing certain habits can also make a big difference. Staying away from things like cigarette smoke and strong smells can help a lot. Plus, keeping the air in your home moist can stop your nose from getting too dry. This, in turn, may reduce your symptoms.
Scientists are studying whether stem cell therapy could work for nonallergic rhinitis. But, it’s still early, and more research is necessary to know for sure.