Diabetes type 2 disease – symptoms, causes, diagnosis & stem cell therapy

Diabetes type 2 is a chronic condition. The body struggles to control glucose. This happens due to low insulin production or cells resisting insulin. The number of people with diabetes is set to hit nearly 600 million by 2035, as per the International Diabetes Federation.

Signs of type 2 diabetes are feeling extra thirsty, needing the bathroom a lot, losing weight, being tired, and seeing poorly. Doctors check for high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and certain antibodies in your blood to diagnose it. Changing how you eat and moving more, along with medicines and insulin, help manage the condition.

Stem cell therapy is a new approach that looks very promising. It aims to help the pancreas work better and make the body respond to insulin again. Studies continue to see if this could be a good way to treat type 2 diabetes.

Key Takeaways:

• Diabetes type 2 is a chronic disease that affects the body’s ability to regulate glucose.
• Symptoms of type 2 diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision.
• Diagnosis is based on tests for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and antibodies to pancreatic islet cells.
• Treatment for type 2 diabetes includes lifestyle changes, medication, and insulin therapy.
• Stem cell therapy shows promise in improving beta cell function and reducing insulin resistance.

Causes and Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes comes from a mix of genes and things like diet and exercise. Knowing the causes and risks is key for handling this long-term illness.

Family History and Genetics: If type 2 diabetes is in your family, you might get it too. Genes can lead to problems with insulin and how your body uses sugar.

Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle: Carrying too much weight or not moving enough raises your chances of getting diabetes. It can cause your body to not use sugar well. Not being active makes this worse.

Hypertension and Cholesterol Levels: High blood pressure and bad cholesterol also boost your diabetes risk. These often come from eating poorly and not being active.

Gestational Diabetes: If you had diabetes while pregnant, you’re more likely to get it later on. Watching and stopping risk factors are very important if you’ve had this before.

Poor Diet Quality: Eating too much processed junk food, sugary drinks, and unhealthy fats messes with how your body handles sugar. For fewer risks, eat a lot of whole foods.

Medications: Some drugs, like corticosteroids and some for mental health, could up your diabetes chances. Always check your blood sugar if you’re on these drugs to catch any problems early.

Prevention and Management: Staying healthy can stop type 2 diabetes. Keep a good weight with good food and regular exercise. Exercising makes your body use sugar better. But, sometimes, you might need medicine or insulin to manage it.

Dietary tips to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes:

• Increase consumption of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
• Limit intake of processed foods, sugary beverages, and added sugars
• Choose healthier fats, such as olive oil and avocado, over saturated and trans fats
• Opt for lean protein sources, such as fish, poultry, and legumes
• Manage portion sizes and practice mindful eating

Learning about type 2 diabetes helps you make choices that can stop it. Being healthy and dealing with risk factors is crucial in fighting off this common illness.

Stem Cell Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes

Stem cell therapy is a new area of study for treating type 2 diabetes. It uses mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which come from adult tissues like bone marrow. These cells have shown they can help beta cells work better and lessen insulin resistance.

MSCs can turn into many cell types, including beta cells. They also control the immune system and reduce swelling, both key in managing type 2 diabetes. Research shows that using MSCs can lower insulin needs. This means less medicine for those living with type 2 diabetes, and better control of blood sugar levels.

Also, stem cell therapy might cut down on the risks from type 2 diabetes complications like diabetic foot and cardiomyopathy. Diabetic foot can lead to ulcers, infections, and the need for amputations. Cardiomyopathy is heart muscle damage that could cause heart failure. By making insulin work better and lowering swelling, MSC therapy could help avoid these issues. This might lead to better health for patients in the long run.

Research is also looking into other stem cell treatments for type 2 diabetes. One idea is pancreatic islet cell transplantation. This method is trying to swap bad beta cells for healthy ones. There’s also work on repairing organs and tissues affected by the disease. These new methods aim to fix the body’s sugar control and bring hope to those with type 2 diabetes.

Summary:

Stem cell therapy is a fresh way to handle type 2 diabetes. It uses MSCs to better beta cell function, ease insulin resistance, and lower complication risks. Ongoing studies and tests are aiming to unlock more benefits from stem cell therapy. With more progress, this therapy might change how we manage type 2 diabetes. It offers new chances for people with this ongoing condition.

Conclusion

In conclusion, type 2 diabetes is a common and long-lasting disease that affects many worldwide. Current treatments include lifestyle changes and medicines. However, stem cell therapy shows great promise in treating this illness. Stem cells can possibly help beta cells work better, lower insulin resistance, and reduce diabetes-related issues.

Research is ongoing to fully understand the benefits and risks of using stem cell therapy for diabetes. Scientists also want to find the best ways to use this new treatment. With more progress in this field, stem cell therapy could change how type 2 diabetes is treated. This brings new hope and better results for patients.